Search results for "organophosphorus pesticides"

A class-selective immunoassay for simultaneous analysis of anilinopyrimidine fungicides using a rationally designed hapten

2017

he development of multianalyte immunoassays constitutes a main research issue in the field of bioanalytical techniques. In the present study, class-specific antibodies against the three members of the anilinopyrimidine family of fungicides (pyrimethanil, cyprodinil and mepanipyrim) were raised by using a bioconjugate of a rationally designed hapten [5-(6-methyl-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)pentanoic acid]. Highly sensitive immunoassays were developed for the generic determination of these compounds, using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Particularly, a direct antibody-coated competitive ELISA afforded identical sensitivity for the three anilinopyrimidines, with I…

Prediction of acute toxicity of organophosphorus pesticides using topological indices

2007

Topological indices were used in the prediction of the acute toxicity (intraperitoneal and oral LD(50)) of organophosphorus pesticides on rats. Models with six variables for the prediction of LD(50)-i.p. (r = 0.849, Q(2) = 0.613) and eight variables for LD(50)-oral (r = 0.906, Q(2) = 0.701) were selected. External group and cross-validation by use of leave-n-out tests were also performed in order to assess the stability and the prediction performance of the selected topological models.

Assessment of the efficacy of Artemia sp (Crustacea) cysts chorion as barrier to chlorpyrifos (organophosphorus pesticide) exposure. Effect on hatchi…

2005

In order to reveal the efficacy of the Artemia cysts chorion as barrier to the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos, whole and decapsulated cysts have been exposed to 10 mg L(-1) chlorpyrifos in sea water during hydration and hatching phase, separately. The concentration of chlorpyrifos in capsulated and decapsulated cysts after exposure has been determined in order to elucidate the efficacy of chorion as protection to the embryo. The results obtained demonstrate the ability of the cysts chorion to obstruct the pass of chlorpyrifos molecules through this protection structure. Thus, the concentration of chlorpyrifos in exposed decapsulated cysts is higher than in exposed whole cysts. More…

Fenitrothion uptake and bioconcentration in the European eel(Anguilla anguilla)

1994

Eels (Anguilla anguilla) were exposed to 0.02 mg/L of the organophosphorus pesticide fenitrothion during 144 hours in semi‐static conditions. BCF, intBCF, uptake rate constants (Ku) and elimination rate constants (Kd) of fenitrothion were determined in brain, gills, blood and muscle tissues of the eel. A simple one‐compartment model fitted the uptake and elimination characteristics. Plateau were reached at different times in the different tissues: at 24 hr in gills, 72 hr in brain and blood and 120 hr in muscle tissue. BCF were ranged from 117 for blood to 658 for muscle. Muscle tissue showed the highest BCF, intBCF, Ku and the lowest Kd .

A systematic review of neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal and postnatal organophosphate pesticide exposure

2014

Agricultural and residential use of organophosphate (OP) pesticides has increased in recent decades after banning some persistent pesticides. Although there is evidence of the effects of OPs on neurodevelopment and behaviour in adults, limited information is available about their effects in children, who might be more vulnerable to neurotoxic compounds. This paper was aimed at analysing the scientific evidence published to date on potential neurodevelopmental and behavioural effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to OPs. A systematic review was undertaken to identify original articles published up to December 2012 evaluating prenatal or postnatal exposure to OPs in children and effects …

Isolation of organophosphorus-degrading bacteria from agricultural mediterranean soils

2010

Detection and discrimination of organophosphorus pesticides in water by using a colorimetric probe array

2014

[EN] Detection and discrimination of several organophosphorus pesticides in water using a colorimetric probe array containing twelve dyes has been achieved. A clear discrimination for malathion, leptophos, dichlorvos, dibrom and diazinon was observed. The array was used to determine the concentration of diazinon in orange leaves

An Au(iii)–amino alcohol complex for degradation of organophosphorus pesticides

2015

An Au(III)–amino alcohol complex has been used to cleave organophosphorous pesticides of the dithiophosphate family. P–S bond breaking was readily demonstrated by 1H NMR, 31P NMR and MS. Thiol fragment release was also demonstrated using 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl fluorescein ethyl ester as a fluorescent sensor.